Energy Management Systems in Smart Energy Systems

ABSTRACT

The course provides students with knowledge on main types and application of Supervisory control and data acquisition systems as well as Energy management systems to monitor stability limits, provide state estimation and control of the power system. The discipline also focuses on approaches and methods for prediction of load and generation in Energy management systems since perspective planning of power system operation modes is of crucial importance for ensuring reliable and secure power supply. All the chapters are supplemented with the corresponding laboratory activities in order to provide in-depth understanding of the relevant lecturing materials.

The goal of the course is to learn what are the up-to-date SCADA and EMS systems used for real power system operation and control and to learn what particular tasks are addressed by SCADA and EMS systems.

The objectives of the course are to learn what is power system dispatch control and what basic architectures of SCADA and EMS are used, to understand what goals are targeted by Phasor Measurement Units application, to learn how state estimation of the power system is carried out and how to deal with bad measurements, to understand the concept and interrelation of stability control, current and voltage control, frequency control and automatic generation control tasks addressed by the dispatch control centers, to learn how to forecast electric load and power generation.

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES

  • to be able to explain operational principles of SCADA in EMS systems, to justify the application of Wide-Area monitoring systems
  • to be able to apply relevant mathematical apparatus for power system state estimation and to recognize bad measurements
  • to be able to formulate the main tasks and requirements to power system control, including stability control, current carrying capacity limits and voltage control, frequency control
  • to be able to apply mathematical algorithms to forecast load and generation in Energy management systems
  • to be able to set up a mathematical model of the power system and simulate EMS control actions
  • to be able to express ideas clearly and effectively in written and oral forms to the team members from different professional domains and of different cultures.
  • to be able to identify own learning needs for professional or personal development; demonstrate an eagerness to take up opportunities for learning new things as well as the ability to learn effectively on their own

TEACHING TECHNIQUES

  • Problem based learning
  • Simulation-based learning
  • Design thinking approach

COURSE OUTLINE

1. Introduction

1. Introduction to EMS
1.1.1. Power system dispatch control
1.1.2. Transmission and distribution networks
1.2. SCADA/ EMS Architectures
1.2.1. SCADA concept
1.2.2. EMS concept
1.2.3. SCADA/EMS evolution
1.2.4. Common information model
1.3. SCADA/EMS applications
1.3.1. SCADA applications
1.3.2. EMS applications
1.3.3. Modern SCADA/EMS
1.4. Wide-Area Monitoring Systems
1.4.1. Main goals
1.4.2. PMU. Prospects of usage
1.4.3. Challenges of WAMS implementation

2. State estimation

2.1. Introduction to State Estimation
2.1.1. State estimation (SE) concept
2.1.2. SE goals
2.1.3. Measurements
2.2. Need for power system state estimation
2.2.1. SE importance for power system control
2.2.2. SE for EMS
2.3. State estimation of power system
2.3.1. Brief review of SE methods
2.3.2. Weighted least squares SE
2.3.3. Challenged of classic SE approaches usage in practice
2.3.4. Modern solvers
2.4. DC state estimation model
2.4.1. DC SE model representation
2.4.2. Simple example
2.5. Network observability
2.5.1. Terminology
2.5.2. Goals
2.5.3. Methods of network observability analysis
2.6. Bad data detection and identification
2.6.1. Goals
2.6.2. Bad data detection methods
2.6.3. Bad data identification methods

3. Power transmission concepts applied for real-time operations in EMS

3.1. Introduction to power transmission control
3.1.1. The main principles of power transmission control
3.1.2. Applications usage for transmission control
3.2. Rotor Angle Stability control
3.2.1. Fundamentals
3.2.2. Small-signal stability requirements in large power systems
3.2.3. Applications usage for small-signal stability calculations
3.2.4. Transient stability requirements in large power systems
3.2.5. Applications usage for transient stability calculations
3.3. Thermal and Voltage Limits Control
3.3.1. Fundamentals
3.3.2. Thermal limits requirements in large power system
3.3.3. Voltage limits requirements in large power system
3.3.4. Applications usage for thermal and voltage limits calculations
3.4. Frequency Control and Automatic Generation Control (AGC)
3.4.1. Fundamentals
3.4.2. Frequency requirements in large power system
3.4.3. Applications usage for frequency calculations
3.4.4. Automatic generation control
3.4.5. Practical aspects of AGC

4. Real-time stability monitoring and control in EMS

4.1. Introduction
4.1.1. Types of power system control
4.1.2. Real time power system control
4.2. Real-time stability monitoring and control
4.2.1. General background
4.2.2. The means for real time stability control
4.2.3. Real-time calculations of small-signal stability limit
4.2.4. Supervision and analysis of synchrophasors
4.2.5. Dynamic stability assessment
4.2.6. Centralized emergency control

5. Load and generation forecast in EMS

5.1. Introduction
5.1.1. Load and generation forecast in dispatch control
5.1.2. Load and generation forecast goals
5.1.3. Electricity market
5.1.4. The forecast place in EMS
5.1.5. Usage of forecasting results
5.2. Data collection
5.2.1. Load data
5.2.2. Generation data
5.2.3. Usage of measured data for forecasting
5.3. Data analysis
5.3.1. Load and generation forecast
5.3.2. Least square method
5.3.3. Neural Nets
5.3.4. Fuzzy logic
5.3.5. Expert analysis
5.4. Power system model actualization
5.4.1. Loads actualization in power system model
5.4.2. Generation forecasting

Laboratory works

1. State estimation
2. Power Transmission Concepts Applied for Real-Time Operations in EMS
3. Real-Time Stability Monitoring and Control in EMS
4. Load and generation forecast in EMS

LIST OF REQUIRED LABORATORY EQUIPMENT
1. Computers with authorized software installation such as MathWorks Matlab (v. 2015b or higher), Simulink

The request form for teaching materials (TM)

The request form for teaching materials (TM)